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(NqModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. 0. N. MARTIN.

LET-OFF FOR LOOMS.

No. 530,647. Patented 1360.11, 1894.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' (No Model.) G. N. MARTIN. LET OFF FOR LOOMS No. 530,647. Patented Dec.11 1894.

I M Illlllllz llll II THE Noam; mans momu'ma. WASH u UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

' CHARLES N. MARTIN, OF WILLIMANTIO, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGN OR OF ONE HALFTO ARTHUR P.- BENNER, OF SAME PLACE.

LET-OFF FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 530,647, dated December11, 1894. Application filed February 9,1893. Serial No. 461,629- (Nomodel.)

To whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES N. MARTIN, ofWillimantic, in the county of Windham and State of Connecticut, haveinvented cerforked end of the latter.

tain new and useful Improvements in Let- Offs for hooms, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact desoriptionwhereby any one skilledin the art can make and use the same.

an attachment for a cloth weaving loom that can be used in connectionwith the warp beamin such manner as to insure an even tension of thewarp threads and a consequent even appearance of the woven cloth.

To this end my invention consists in the details of the several partswith each other and the mechanism of the loom as more particularlyhereinafter describedand pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a detail view in elevation of aloom showing the manner of applying the attachment. Fig. 2 is a detailview in central section through the let-ofi. Fig. 3 is a detail view ofthe attachment looking from. the frame with parts broken away to showconstruction. Fig. 4is a detail view in central section of the brake.Fig. 5 is a detail plan view of the friction plate. Fig. 6 is a detailedge view of-"the same showing the spring on the pins. Fig.7 is a detailplan view of vthe back of the gear wheel forming part of the brakesection. Fig. 8 is a detail view in crosswise central section throughthe brake section. Fig. 9 is a detail view showing the connectionbetween the whip roll and the shipping rod and the Fig. 10 is a detailface View of the collar showing the beveled surface.

In the accompanying drawings the letter (1. denotes the end part of theframe of a loom adapted for weaving cloth; I), the warp beam pivotallysupported on the frame; 0, the warp threads, and d the whip roll overwhich the warp threads pass from the beam toward the front of the loom.

The warp thread is unwound bya rotary movement of the warp beam impartedto it by means of a train of gear wheels that are connected with a gearwheel 6 secured to The object of my invention is to provide themainshaft 6 of the loom. V A short shaft f is mounted in bearings in theframe and has on its outer end a gear wheel f and on its inner end agear wheel f the latter be ing in mesh with a gear wheel b fast to theshaft of the warp beam. It is only at certain times during the weavingthat the warp threads are allowed to be fed forward by the rotarymovement of the warp beam and the latter is released and driven by thelet-0E device that is automatically operated by the movement of the whiproll d. An arm (1' fast to this whip roll supports a shipping rod g, thelower end of which is provided with a wedge 9 that is forked and isadapted to operate a sliding collar h that forms part of a frictionclutch z'. This collar his beveled on its upper surface on the sidetoward and in opposition to the shipping rod 9 as shown in Figs. 1 and10 of the drawings, the collar having a free sliding movement on thestud It. The square end of this collar pressing against the gear n incontact with the clutch section n forces the flange of Lthe latter intocontact with the gear Z, this operation of the parts being caused by thedownward movement of the shipping rod g.

Astud It is secured to the end a. of the frame as by means of a shoulderk on the stud and clamping the frame between this shoulder and a nut ksecured upon the end of the stud that projects through an opening in theframe. On this stud is supported a gear wheel Z in mesh with the gearwheel e, the gear I being normally free to rotate on the stud and havinga constant motion communicated from the gear wheel e when the loom is inoperation. There is a socket Z formed on the inner side of this gearwheel and in the socket is located a friction disk m of soft material,as leather, between the bottom of on the clutch section n, the hub ofthis latter part having a gear wheel n the side of which is in contactwith the collar h. Within this body part of the clutch section a. is asocket n in which is' located a spring plate 11: seated on a disk a ofsoft material as leather, the springs n seated on the spring platethrusting outward against a face plate 727, the outer face of which isin contact with the the socket and the face of a flange n formedfriction disk m. By means of these springs the larger part of thesurface of the flange 'n' is held normally out of contact with'thefric-' tion plate but by a downward movement of the arm d the wedge gthrough the intermediate shipping rod 9 thrusts the collar outward andforces the flange of the clutch section into contact with the frictionplate holdin g against this surface with sufficient tenacity to rotatethe warp beam through the medium of an intermediate gear 0. The latteris mounted on a pin secured to the lever arm p that ispivotally mountedon the stud 70. As soon as the whip roll rocks back the wedge is liftedand the springs Within the clutch body operate to thrust the sectionsapart so that the gear wheel Z will continue to revolve -withoutcarrying with it the train of gears that drive the warp beam.

In order to prevent any return motion or back lash of the warp beam afriction break q is connected to the intermediate gear 0. This comprisesa socket piece 7* secured to the lever arm 29, a disk 0" of softmaterial, preferably of leather, and a spring plate 3 having the pins 3'that project into sockets 0' in the side of the gear 0. On these pinsare arranged springs 0 that are seated against the spring plate and inthe sockets in the side of the gear wheel in such manner as to thrustthe latter outward with a yielding pressure. On the outer side of thegear wheel a socket is formed and in it is arranged a friction plate tof leather, a cap t covering the plate and having a square openingfitted upon a squared portion of the pin so as to hold the cap againstrotation. By this device the gear wheel is held on the pivot or pin bythe frictional grasp of the plate 15 against the bottom of the socket inthe gear and the disk 4* against the bottom of the socket piece '1'. Theparts are held together by means of nuts t that fit upon the threadedend of the pin.

The function of the brake is to control the rotary movement of theintermediate gear 0 so that as soon as the driving power communicated toit by the rotary movement of the gear on the clutch body part is removedthe intermediate gear 0 will immediately stop in its rotary movement,the brake holding it with suflicient power to prevent any continuedrevolution of the warp beam from any recoil of the beam. By means ofthis le -off device the warp threads are delivered from the beam underan even tension and the beam will run at a uniform speed from a fullbeam until it is emptied or all the warp thread hasbecome unwound and itwill do this without change of tension. By means of this improvedconstruction of the letbfi it has been shown by test in the running oflooms for weaving cloth that an increase in the percentage of clothwoven in a given time is obtained owing to the great uniformity of thetension and delivery of the warp thread from the beam.

A further object of my improved let-ofi device is that it is so arrangedthat an opera The brake device is so inclosed that it is not liable tobecome injured or made inoperative by accidental introduction of anyforeign matter between the operative parts.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a let ofi mechanism for looms, incombination with the frame, a stud secured thereto, a gear wheel mountedto rotate loosely on said stud and in mesh with the main driving gear ofthe loom, a clutch section located in the loosely mounted gear wheel andadapted to frictionally engage the same, a pinion secured to the clutchsection and adapted to rotate the warp beam, the warp beam, a slidingcollar mounted on the stud with one side engaging with the gear securedto the clutch section and its opposite side bearing a cam face, a wedgehaving one end adapted to engage the cam face of the collar and itsopposite end connected with the whip roll, and the whip roll, allsubstantially as described.

2. In a let off mechanism for looms, in combination with the frame, astud secured to the frame, a gear wheel mounted to rotate on the stud, aspring actuated clutch section loosely mounted on the stud and withinsaid gear wheel and adapted to frictionally engage the same, a gearsecured to the clutch section and adapted to rotate the warp beam, thewarp beam, a collar loosely mounted on the stud with one side engagingthe gear on the clutch section and the other side having a cam face, awedge with one end restingagainst the cam face of the collar and theother end operatively connected with the whip roll, and the whip roll,all substantially as described.

3. In a loom, in combination with the warp beam, a flanged clutchsection having secured thereto a gear adapted to rotate the warp beam, astud on which the clutch section is loosely mounted,a sliding collarmounted on the stud with one end engaging the gear secured to the clutchsection and the other end bearing a cam face, a wedge having one endresting against the cam face of the collar and the other end operativelyconnected with the whip roll, the whip roll, a gear wheel mounted torotate on the stud, a socket on the inner side of said gear wheelcontaining an elastic disk, the elastic disk, a socket located in theclutch section, an elastic disk secured therein, a spring plate bearingagainst the elastic disk, springs seated upon the spring plate andnormally pressing against a face plate, and the face plate adapt -ed' toengage the elastic disk on the gear mounted on the stud whereby theclutch sections are thrown into engagement by the downward movement ofthe wedge, all substantially as described.

4:. In a let ofi mechanism for looms in combination with the frame, agear wheel loosely mounted thereon and having a socket, an elastic disklocated in the socket, a clutch section having an annular flange locatedin the socket in said gear, a socket located in the clutch section, anelastic disk located in the socket in the clutch section, a springplate, and a face plate with springs interposed therebetween located inthe socket in the clutch section whereby a yielding contact between theface plate and the elastic disk in the gear wheel is obtained, ashifting lever connected with and operated by the whip roll of the loomto throw the clutch sections into and out of operative engagement, andthe whip roll, all substantially as described.

5. In a let off mechanism for looms, in combination with the clutchmechanism controlling the movement of the warp beam, the warp beam, anautomatic friction brake comprisloom and operatively connectedtherewith, a cap located in said gear wheel and fixed to the stud uponwhich said wheel rotates, the

stud, a friction plate interposed between the cap and bottom of thesocket in the wheel, a socket piece secured to an arm supporting thesaid stud, the arm, a friction disk located in the socket piece, aspring plate resting against CHARLES N. MARTIN.

Witnesses:

ELLIOT B. SUMNER, EDMUND W. ELLISON.

